Friday, September 26, 2008


massachusetts institute of technology


77 massachusetts avenue
cambridge, ma 02139-4307


tel 617.253.1000




MIT is truly a global university.


At MIT, we harness streams of converging ideas by creating new interdisciplinary centers, programs and labs with global participants – working together to solve the world’s problems.


MIT's global involvement takes place on nearly every continent, and transpires at many levels—from individual faculty collaborations to institutional partnerships; and it materializes in many forms—from teaching and research, to internships and work, to public service and outreach efforts.


Some examples:




  • Researchers affiliated with the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) are assessing how to meet the energy needs of the developing world.



  • The Singapore-MIT Alliance has pioneered sophisticated techniques in synchronous distance education, in which faculty teach seamlessly across 12 time zones.



  • The MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI) program offers students the chance to participate in intensive professional internships in countries around the world.



  • MIT OpenCourseWare provides access to MIT’s educators, across the globe.


A few ideas:



English Language Studies


Our English language subjects are designed for the intermediate through advanced/bilingual English speakers that form a substantial part of MIT’s multicultural student body. A major goal of the program is to foster facility and appropriateness in a variety of academic and professional contexts.


Another component of the ESL program is a series of classes in the Study of Language that bring together theoretical and applied linguistics, as well as relevant areas of cognitive science.


Consultation with English Instructors,


The EET is a diagnostic test of academic English given before each inscription at the request of the Dean. The English Language Studies Program for Colombia, Professor Alfredo Varon Guzman M.A. administers the EET, which is designed for entering international students whose first language is not English.  It aims to identify weaknesses in academic English that may interfere with course work, teaching and research at MIT. 


The diagnostic takes approximately 2.5 hours to complete and is composed of three parts:


Part 1: Multiple-choice listening, reading, vocabulary and sentence structure test


Part 2: Writing task


Part 3: Short interview


Who takes the EET?


The Institute requires all entering international graduate students whose primary language of instruction from the age of six through high school has not been English to take the EET. 


A student does not need to take the EET if English is not a his/her first language, but s/he has attended all schooling from the age of six in English.  Many students from India, Malaysia, Singapore and other Asian countries, as well as African and Caribbean countries such as South Africa, Nigeria, Ghana and St. Lucia fall into this category.


International students who would normally be required to take the EET but have already done undergraduate or Master’s degrees at MIT or at other comparable universities can discuss the possibility of waiving the EET requirement with departmental advisors.


Why do new international students take the EET?


In accordance with policy established by the MIT Committee on School Policy (1982), newly admitted international students should take the English Evaluation Test (EET) as a means of determining the current level of their English language skills.


From the moment they enter the Language Studies proram, students are expected to be productive members of a lively research community.  They are involved in some or all of the following activities:  participating in interactive seminars; completing coursework that requires presentations and research reports; teaching recitation or lab sections; interacting with representatives of industry; presenting research to peers, sponsors, and experts at meetings and conferences; as well as writing proposals, reports and journal papers.  Few international students have experience with these types of communication tasks in English.  Many have little experience even in their first languages.  The EET provides new students and their advisors with key information to help them prepare for success in their activities at MIT.


What do the results mean?


The EET results are strictly informative.  There is no “passing” or “failing.”  Students taking the EET have been admitted to MIT; the test results will not affect their status as admitted students.  A student’s EET results may indicate that:


1.) One or more English skills are weak enough to need attention.  A particular course is recommended.  Departmental policy and a student’s advisor can decide whether and when a student will act on the recommendation.


2.) One or more English skills could benefit from some attention, but problems with English will probably not interfere with activities at MIT.  Registering for a particular course is optional.


3.) A student’s English skills are proficient and should not prevent him/her from engaging fully in studies and research.  No course work is recommended.




The study of foreign languages and literatures provides valuable experience and a potential edge for future career development. Scientists and engineers function in a global market: they rely on primary sources published in other languages, attend international consortia, and often find themselves interacting across national, cultural, and linguistic borders. Government and industry often give preference to job applicants who are proficient in a foreign language. MIT students are encouraged to work and study abroad in conjunction with university, private and public organizations.


The faculty of FL&L, the language coordinators, and the Undergraduate Academic Administrator can provide assistance in choosing an appropriate program and granting transfer credit from overseas or domestic programs. Over IAP (MIT's Independent Activities Period during winter break), FL&L offers intensive introductory language subjects in addition to intensive subjects designed to help students plan for living and woking in English speaking countries. Relevant subjects taken at qualified institutions here and abroad may fulfill MIT's science, engineering and humanities requirements.


MIT provides a unique perspective on foreign languages because of the opportunities available to integrate the study of natural languages with the latest technological advances in multimedia and interactive language learning. FL&L-affiliated faculty are exploring and implementing methods in which multimedia technology can be used to make learning a foreign language a more authentic experience. Using native speakers on location to create documentaries and narratives in ELS, FL&L is developing teaching tools through which students can access hypertext linked supporting resources, such as encyclopedic information, transcription, and historical, grammatical, and cultural materials. Although MIT is known throughout the world for its programs in science and engineering, MIT is also a university where the humanities, arts, and social sciences play an integral role in its educational mission. Together they help to make MIT much more than just an institute of technology.


Students at MIT have the unique opportunity to combine an extraordinary professional training with a first-rate humanistic education. MIT's educational mission involves providing students with the tools for a sensitive and successful involvement in the global community. The Foreign Languages and Literatures Section contributes in significant ways to the internationalization of MIT's education.


The Foreign Languages Section offers a rich variety of subjects. Students can study English Language Studies (ELS), at a number of levels. All of our classes provide an authentic linguistic experience through the use of the most advanced technologies, including the Internet and interactive video. Students can explore literatures in the original languages or in translation. They can study culture and film; they can analyze the linguistic underpinnings of second language acquisition and bilingualism. The possibilities include intensive personalized courses, focus on regional studies, access to film festivals and guest speakers. .


By integrating the cultural flexibility and breadth that FL&L provides with the professional training in technical domains, MIT students are unusually well-prepared for the challenges of the internationalized 21st century.


 
































Decameron
Cartagena
Colombia



R:
Good
evening,
how can I help you?



T:
Good evening, yes, please, I would like information about the
services offered at this hotel….



R:
Certainly,
here at Decameron of Cartagena, all our
comfortable
rooms have ocean
views;
this is the perfect destination for fun by day, and exciting
nightlife. All is inclusive.



T:
Oh….. what does “all inclusive” mean? Can
you explain please?



R:
All Inclusive
means that the following is included:




  • Breakfast, lunch, and
    dinner buffets



  • A-la-carte dinners



  • Snacks



  • Domestic and imported
    drinks



  • Daily organized
    activities



  • Water
    sports



  • Scuba diving
    classes in the pool



  • Beach towels



  • Nightly shows



  • Kids activities




We
have 5 excellent restaurants with great international food.




  • Alibech’s:
    first floor of the hotel, big
    juicy
    steaks
    with
    views
    of the ocean.



  • Bocaccio:
    the ambiance and Italian
    cuisine
    are excellent.



  • Galeotto:
    o
    n the 23rd floor, has a spectacular panoramic view of the old
    city and the bay of Cartagena, it’s good to enjoy our
    delicious seafood.



  • Ciaccos:
    offers a varied buffet next to the hotel’s swimming pool.




My
favorite
is:




  • Restaurant
    San Pedro:
    located outside of the hotel, in the old city. This
    restored building combines a
    hip,
    modern feel inside with the
    antique
    splendor
    of San Pedro square. The menu features sushi, and international
    fusion
    dishes. It’s great because we take you there and bring you
    back.




T:
oh I see…. Really at what time can I go to San Pedro?



R: At night we have a
transport every 20 minutes. I will be happy to reserve you a seat.



T: And what about
bars……



R:
We have 3 Bars, and a spectacular
Discotheque.



T: What about
activities?


R:
Decameron activities and tours have an additional cost. You can
enjoy a dance show or see the historical monuments or practice diving
in the coral reefs of Baru and the Rosarios Islands. In BARU
PORTONAITO BEACH
CLUB you will enjoy a day of sun on the Lola yacht.
Upon arrival, enjoy the different sports, beach volleyball, aerobics,
and delicious snacks.



T: How much is that
tour?



R:
It’s about $16 dollars per person plus taxes.



T: Hmmm…. I
really am thinking about it…..



R:
Also….
we have

o
ther
Services like our tour desk where we can help you get money exchange,
infirmary, free local calls and international calls, faxes and
internet. Are you traveling alone? I ask because we have excellent
honeymoon, family, and anniversary packages. Can I make a reservation
for you?



T: Well…. sounds
interesting. Yes, please make a reservation for my family. I have my
husband and three children.


R: Name
please?



When will your family
arrive?



How many days?



Cash or credit card?






Okay
Mrs. ______________ that will be $129 dollars per person and the
total is 5 X times for a total of $945. Anything else?







If
you need more help, please visit us the
Explorer
desk from 8 to 5 pm Monday to Sunday.





T:
Thank you very much. You are very kind.





R:
Welcome to Cartagena Decameron, always at your service. Have a nice
vacation.





T:
What’s your name?





R:
My name is _________________, anything you need please let me know.





T:
Great, Thank you _______________ Bye.















Wednesday, September 10, 2008

TKT Tip 01: Module 1, Types of nouns


Try this question:

Kofie stood on the shore of (1) Lake Volta and looked at the small (2) fishing boat bobbing on the waves. His (3) family often went hungry and he could have caught fish if only he had a boat.
Match the underlined words with the grammatical terms. A collective noun B  compound noun C proper noun

Question focus

This question asks you to recognize different kinds of nouns in a text. To be able to answer this correctly you will need to know the grammatical names for these nouns.

What you need to know

collective noun is a noun whose meaning includes a number of people or animals. For example, the word police is a collective noun. When we talk about the police, we are not talking about one policeman or one policewoman, but about a large number of people who work for the organization. Other common collective nouns include class, team, family, army and group.

One unusual thing about collective nouns is that you can use them with either a singular or a plural verb. If you are thinking about the whole organization, you can say, The police is an important organization. If you are thinking about the individual people who are members of the organization, you can say, The police are well-trained.

compound noun is a noun that is made from two or more words. For example, the word streetlight is made from the two nouns street and light. Compound nouns are not only made from noun + noun. They are also formed from nouns with prepositions, adjectives and verbs. You can write compound nouns in different ways – as one word (e..g. boyfriend), as separate words (e.g. season ticket), or as two words with a hyphen (e.g. house-builder). Even more surprising, different dictionaries don’t always agree about how to write them – for example, is the correct word penfriendpen friend or pen-friend?

proper noun is the name of something. This can be a person, a place, an organisation etc. The following are all proper nouns: Lake Turkana, Jim, Mrs Jones, Microsoft, Easyjet). In English, proper nouns are always written with a capital letter. We can’t normally use indefinite articles (a or an) in front of proper nouns. It’s also unusual to use definite articles (though this is not always true – for example, The Nile).


So what are the answers?

1(c); 2(b); 3(a)

What else should I study?

You also need to know what these are: pronouns, singular nouns, plural nouns, countable nouns, uncountable nouns.

 

TKT Tip 03: Module 1 Phonemes



Try this question*:

Question excerpt:

For questions 1-5, look at the two vowel sounds in each word. Match the vowel sounds in the words with the pairs of phonemes listed A-F. There is one extra option which you do not need to use.

 

1 over 2 homework 3 nightclub 4 learner 5 paper

 

/eɪ/ /ə/

 

/aɪ/ /ə/

 

/əʊ/ /ɜ:/

 

/ɜ:/ /ə/

 

/əʊ/ /ə/

 

/aɪ/ /ʌ/


Question focus

This question requires you to recognize which vowel sounds are used in different words and to know how these sounds are written using phonemic symbols.


What you need to know

Each individual sound in English (or any other language) is called a phoneme. These can be written down using phonemic symbols

The TKT exam makes use of the IPA – the International Phonetic Alphabet. There are phonemic symbols for vowels, diphthongs and consonants. This question tests your knowledge of the first two of these.

When we write a phoneme, we add oblique lines like this // on either side to indicate that what we have written is a phonemic transcription rather than ordinary spelling. For example, compare the spelling and phonemic transcription of this word: cough/kɒf/.

There are six different symbols in this question.

/ʌ/ is a vowel sound. It is the vowel sound in the words cut, love and mother when they are spoken in the accent called RP as spoken by some people in the South East of England. (You might be interested to learn that it isn’t the normal pronunciation of these words when said by people from some other parts of the UK.)

/ɜ:/ is also a vowel sound. This is the vowel sound in the words bird, fur and her in RP. The two dots indicate that it is a long sound. When you say /ɜ:/ (or any other long vowel sound) you can extend it for as long as you have enough breath. Try it! Say: her..................... keeping the sound going until you run out of breath. (NB in RP the /r/ sound isn’t pronounced!)

/ə/ is possibly the most interesting English phoneme. It’s the most common vowel sound and is the only phoneme to actually have a name! It’s called the schwa. The reason it’s heard so frequently is that it often appears when a syllable is unstressed. So, for example, in the word agenda the second syllable is stressed, the first and last syllables are unstressed and the vowel sounds in those unstressed syllables are both schwa. It’s curious that there isn’t one single alphabetic letter to represent such a common sound, isn’t it? But that’s probably because even the most ‘perfect’ speakers of English have no idea that they are even using it. If you ask them how they pronounce the word to in the sentence Give it to me they would probably reply /tu:/ whereas in fact they will almost invariably pronounce it /tə/!

The other sounds in the question are all diphthongs. These are sounds formed when two vowel sounds are said very close together, with the first sound changing into the second. So, for example, /eɪ/ is made from the sound /e/ and the sound/ɪ/ - with the first sound lengthened a little. Example words with /eɪ/ are lake, grey and train. Example words containing /aɪ/ are night, tie and why. The diphthong /əʊ/ comes in go, sew and low. The letters of the alphabet A, I and O are pronounced using just these three diphthongs: /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /əʊ/. NB - Warning: don’t confuse /əʊ/ and /aʊ/ (they are often mixed up!)


So what are the answers?

1E  2C 3F 4D 5A The option which you do not need is (B)


What else should I study?

  • You also need to know all the other phonemic symbols, consonants as well as vowels.  
  • Make sure that you can easily read a phonemic transcription of a word.